Piet
Mondrian’s abstract art had a profound effect upon other
artists, architecture, and graphic arts. His best-known paintings are
immediately recognizable for their square blocks of solid primary
colors separated by heavy black horizontal and vertical lines. They
are totally devoid of recognizable images.
Composition A, 1920, National Gallery of Modern and Contemporary Art, Rome
Back
in the late 1950s, when I operated my own advertising agency in
downtown Washington, D.C., my art director, Gene Galasso (see Moments
in Art, “ A Very Fishy Story”), frequently
used Mondrian-influenced layouts for advertising brochures we
produced for clients.
One
of these was a fundraising flyer we did pro bono in 1958 for
Dr. William H. Walsh and Project HOPE when it began. HOPE stood for
Health Opportunities for People Everywhere. Dr. Walsh raised money to
convert a World War II hospital ship that, with voluntary medical
staff, sailed to Third World countries to provide medical assistance
and training.
Pieter
Mondriaan (original spelling) was born in the Netherlands in 1872,
and died in New York City in 1944. His father, a school headmaster,
taught art, and an uncle was an artist. At 36, Piet became interested
in the Theosophical Society of Helena Blavatsky, “who believed
that it was possible to attain a more profound knowledge of nature
than that provided by an empirical means.”
In
other words, crudely put, the more you can make a tree look less like
a tree, the closer it is to being a true tree.
Composition with Large Blue Plane, Red, Black, Yellow, and Gray, 1921, Dallas Museum of Art
When
Mondrian moved to Paris in 1911, he became enthralled with the new
Cubist movement of Picasso and Braque. The uncertainties of World War
II drove him back to neutral Holland.
While
there he began using primary colors and delving deep into
abstraction. With others he became a leader of De Stijl, an
important movement of Dutch artists.
Returning
to Paris, he plunged deeper into abstraction and the limitation of
his palette to fewer colors.
Mondrian, Composition, 1916, Guggenheim Museum, New York.
Anyone
who watches American television is familiar with the ubiquitous Geico
ads featuring the winsome green gecko. Few know that the company name
originally was Government Employees Insurance Company. Its modern,
large headquarters campus lies on the Maryland side of Western
Avenue, which separates Maryland from the District of Columbia.
The
CEO who took it from the limitations of government customers to a
multi-billion-dollar insurance conglomerate was David Lloyd Kreeger.
Kreeger’s
parents, emigrants from Russia, operated a small grocery store in New
Jersey. He worked his way through college and law school by playing
the piano in the Adirondacks summer resorts. In the early New Deal
days he worked as an attorney for the U.S. Departments of
Agriculture, Interior, and Justice.
In
1948, he and a group of investors bought into Geico. Six years later
he was its president, and six years after that he became its chairman
and CEO.
Like
Jack Benny, Kreeger was an accomplished violinist, and at his home he
was occasionally joined in playing with Isaac Stern, Pinchus
Zuckerman, the Tokyo String Quartet, and the Cleveland Quartet. While
serving as the head of the National Symphony Orchestra, he recruited
cellist Mstlislav Rostropovich as concertmaster then director.
He
founded the Washington Opera.
His
keen interest carried over to the theater and the visual arts. He
served on the boards of Arena Stage, the National Gallery of Art, the
Corcoran Museum, Georgetown University, and the Peabody Institute of
Music.
Along
the way, he enjoyed good counsel from art dealers and museum
officials, and he built distinguished collections of 20th-century
art, sculpture, and prints. If you go to the Kreeger Museum web page
and click on “paintings,” you’ll enjoy 100 of the
collection’s best works.
Kreeger
needed a home that would match the elegance of his large collection.
He hired one of the most distinguished American architects, Hugh
Newell Jacobsen, to design and build it on Foxhall Road in Northwest
Washington. The cost: $1.9 million.
The Kreeger House, Washington, D.C. — now the Kreeger Museum.
Looking into the Kreeger House from the back.
From
the beginning, David Kreeger planned that his house would become a
museum. Like the Marmottan Museum in Paris, it is insufficiently
known.
After
the Kreegers moved into their new home, they occasionally welcomed
visitors who wanted to see the most modern house in Washington and
the owners’ distinguished collection.
I
have written about Nat Leeb in many of these “Moments.”
Nat was a painter and a collector. He had a phenomenal visual memory,
never forgetting any painting he saw firsthand or in a book. I took
him and his wife on four trips around the United States and Canada
during which we met the directors and chief curators of more museums
than I can remember. He could match knowledge with the best of them,
as we carpeted desktops with photographs of paintings from his
collection.
Two
weeks ago I wrote about Gustave Caillebotte. Nat owned three
Caillebotte paintings — and lots of other things.
The
Leebs were in Washington, and they wanted to see the Kreeger
Collection. I called Kreeger to see if this could be arranged. He
said he was welcoming a group of museum directors that afternoon. We
would be welcome to join them.
I
remember that one of them was the head of the fine museum in Kansas
City, Missouri. The others were equally important.
Before
the grand tour began, Kreeger led us into his office. Hanging on the
wall was a large, unsigned landscape. He threw down the challenge, as
he had often done.
“Can
any of you identify the artist?”
One
by one the museum directors shook their heads. Kreeger turned towards
Leeb.
Leeb
smiled and said, “It’s a young Mondrian.”
Kreeger’s
jaw dropped. No one else had ever identified his mystery painting. Of
course, Nat was correct.
Lawrence Jeppson is an art consultant, organizer and curator of art exhibitions, writer, editor
and publisher, lecturer, art historian, and appraiser. He is America's leading authority on
modern, handwoven French tapestries. He is expert on the works of William Henry Clapp, Nat
Leeb, Tsing-fang Chen, and several French artists.
He is founding president of the non-profit Mathieu Matégot Foundation for Contemporary
Tapestry, whose purview encompasses all 20th-century tapestry, an interest that traces back to
1948. For many years he represented the Association des Peintres-Cartonniers de Tapisserie and
Arelis in America.
Through the Smithsonian Institution Traveling Exhibition Service, the American Federation of
Arts, the Museum of Modern Art, and his own Art Circuit Services he has been a contributor to
or organizer of more than 200 art exhibitions in the United States, Canada, Japan, and Taiwan.
He owns AcroEditions, which publishes and/or distributes multiple-original art. He was co-founder and artistic director of Collectors' Investment Fund.
He is the director of the Spring Arts Foundation; Utah Cultural Arts Foundation, and the Fine
Arts Legacy Foundation
Lawrence is an early-in-the-month home teacher, whose beat is by elevator. In addition, he has spent the past six years hosting and promoting reunions of the missionaries who served in the French Mission (France, Belgium, and Switzerland) during the decade after WWII.